![]() CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion reached a record high in 2020. Mitigation Actions and Health Co-BenefitsĮnergy systems are the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions and are major contributors to air pollution. Icons Final_Green_v2-03 Created with Sketch.Today, just 27% of urban centres are classified as moderately-green or above.Ģ.2.5 Detection, Preparedness and Response to Health EmergenciesĮven after the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, only 63% of 177 countries reported high to very high implementation status for health emergency management in 2021, with only 35% of low or medium Human Development Index countries doing so. Healthy and green urban redesign will promote physical activity and deliver more friendly, liveable cities. Only 48 of 95 countries have completed a climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessment, and in only 9 countries did these strongly influenced resource allocation. Nsufficient climate change adaptation efforts have left health systems vulnerable to climate change-related health hazards. Adaptation, Planning, and Resilience for HealthĢ.1.1 National Assessments of Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation for Health/2.1.2 National Adaptation Plans for Health Icons Final_Green-03 Created with Sketch. ![]() This threatens to compound the impacts on food insecurity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the energy and cost of living crises. The increasing frequency of heatwaves resulted in an additional 98 million people reporting moderate to medium food insecurity in the 103 countries analysed in 2020, compared to the 1981-2010 average. The climatic suitability for the transmission of dengue increased by 11♵% for Aedes aegypti and 12♰% for Aedes albopictus from 1951–60 to 2012–21 On average, 29% more global land area was affected by extreme drought for at least one month in a year in 2012–21 than in 1951–60ġ.3 Climate Suitability for Infectious Disease TransmissionĬlimate change is affecting the distribution and transmission of many infectious diseases, including vector-borne, food-borne, and waterborne diseases. Human exposure to days of very-high or extremely-high fire danger increased in 61% of countries from 2001–2004 to 2018–2021.ĭroughts put food and water security at risk, threaten sanitation, affect livelihoods, and increase the risk of wildfires and infectious disease transmission. Vulnerable populations – the elderly and children under 1 year of age - faced 3.7 billion more life-threatening heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986-2005, putting them at acute risk of heat stress, heat stroke, and other adverse physical and mental health manifestations.ĭrier and hotter weather is making conditions increasingly suitable for the start and spread of wildfires, putting people' s health and safety at risk. Health Hazards, Exposures, and Impactsġ.1.2 Exposure of Vulnerable Populations to Heatwaves
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